Difference between revisions of "User:RahalMccall69"

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(TVTechnology- For AES67, Timing is Everything)
(ELTOPIA- Pursuit of marijuana market creates odd couple_0)
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NEW YORK A brilliant decision in developing
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ELTOPIA Alan Schreiber s truck bounces along a rutted road past row upon row of crops.Blueberries, asparagus, apples, cantaloupe, Brussels sprouts, Concord grapes, Merlot grapes, peaches, pears, cherries, onions, pumpkins, potatoes, tomatoes, sugar beets, alfalfa. Over 300 varieties of produce, much of it part of experiments on disease, pests and growing techniques. Every row here is something different, the Franklin County farmer said. There s Fava beans, Chinese cabbage, early green cabbage, green cabbage, red cabbage, savoy cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, another kind of kale, bok choy, some Napa cabbage, peppers, melons, tomatoes, tomatillos, eggplant. It goes on and on and on. But the crop that Schreiber figures will be more lucrative than any of them was completely unfamiliar to him a foreign world. Until a grower came to him wanting to know how to control mites on marijuana plants. That s when Schreiber realized he d better learn about the cannabis plant.He turned out to have a source of knowledge on his own staff.The 52-year-old Schreiber met 25-year-old Tom Balotte about a year ago and hired him as a mechanic. Balotte had worked on a Virginia Tech research farm before moving with his girlfriend to Washington state.He put his mechanical mind to work fixing and <a href=http://www.louisvuitton-pascher.com>Louis Vuitton Evora</a> designing equipment, like a shield he built to expand the space that could be used for research by keeping pesticide being sprayed on some plants away from others.The Romania-born, Texas-raised son of a botanist and a mechanical engineer, Balotte s tattoos tell part of his story. The design on his arm relates to shooting airsoft guns, the one on his fist to a favorite metal band, and the ink on his back and his other arm to the worlds of video games The Elder Scrolls and World of Warcraft. A three-monitor display at home immerses him in his games.Schreiber is a straitlaced Eastern Washington farmer. He grew up on a farm and earned doctoral degrees in entomology and pesticide toxicology, then worked for the Environmental Protection Agency and as a Washington State University professor before going into commercial research. He voted against Initiative 502 that legalized recreational marijuana.If they re something of an odd couple, it turned out they were well suited for collaboration on the new project Schreiber had in mind. I ve got the pest management experience, Schreiber said, and he s got the kind of applied, real-world, make-things-grow skills. The full realization came months after Balotte was hired, during a conversation over beers at a 30th-floor Portland restaurant at the end of a long day at an agricultural conference. It turned out Balotte s past tinkering included growing marijuana in a closet.They started to realize Balotte s experience could be a perfect match for Schreiber s hopes of doing cutting-edge research <a href=http://www.louisvuitton-pascher.com>Louis Vuitton Galliera</a> and development on the plant and its pests. He was made for a project like this, Schreiber said.Balotte isn t a pot smoker, although he travels in the right circles. I wish I could, but I was just too sensitive to it, Balotte said. My friends, it looks like they re having the most fun in the world, and I m sitting there with my beer in my hand just sitting there with envy, because it looks awesome. Now Schreiber has applied for <a href=http://www.louisvuitton-pascher.com>Louis Vuitton Lockit</a> a license. His is one of more than 2,400 applications still waiting after the state Liquor Control Board has approved fewer than 140 growers.Meantime, Balotte has designed a prototype of a hydroponic growing contraption. If you want to try some advanced growing techniques you have to involve some engineering, some design, and that s really what I like, Balotte said.The prototype involves PVC tubes dotted with holes like giant flutes, each hole a spot for a plant to stick out of while its roots are bathed in nutrients. The thing is gathering dust in a greenhouse while they wait for a license.If approved, they expect they can pioneer new ways of not only growing the plant, but keeping it from being destroyed by pests and contaminants.Schreiber expects a huge demand for information among the licensed growers. The first time that somebody has $100,000 worth of this that they lose because they get an aphid infestation, a mite infestation, powder mildew or Botrytis (a fungus), he said, ... people will want to know how to control these pests. &nbsp;
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the recent audio-over-IP standard, AES67-2013,
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Jordan Schrader: 360-786-1826
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was basing it on existing protocols.
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One of the goals for this AES standard for audio
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applications of networks High-performance
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streaming audio-over-IP interoperability was to
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provide low latency (less than 10 milliseconds)
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between and among AES67 devices on a network.
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With that in mind, the developers of this standard
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chose IEEE 1588. The most recent version
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is from 2008, and the standard is currently being
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reviewed for possible revisions.
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IEEE 1588 is used for high-speed synchronization
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over the network. It was the only obvious
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choice for establishing a synchronization mechanism
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said Greg Shay, a member of the AES task
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group that developed the standard.
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Industrial applications such as automation,
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control and measurement employ IEEE 1588
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where precision timing in the nanosecond range
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or less is required. IEEE 1588 doesn t automatically
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dictate the accuracy of the clock rather it
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allows implementation to be as tight as required.
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IEEE 1588 differs from network time protocol (NTP) in that the latter was not designed
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to have nanoseconds of precision.
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RELYING ON THE CLOCK<br>
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Timing in video or digital audio systems
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is not a new concept. A video system relies
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on a master sync generator that produces
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black burst that s distributed and
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hardwired to every video and digital audio
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device in the system. For standalone digital
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audio systems, it s a word clock generator
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that provides the reference. In each of
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these cases, a separate cable is generally
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used for the timing reference.
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IEEE 1588 system timing also relies
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upon clocks, as might be expected, but the
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clocks work a bit differently. Every AES67
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device that needs to communicate with
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each other (such <a href=http://www.buycelinebags.com>Celine Bags Outlet Store</a> as audio consoles, codecs,
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processors, interface boxes) is connected
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to a network via Ethernet switches.
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It s important to note that the network
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we re talking about for AES67 isn t the
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public Internet, but rather a managed network
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like an enterprise LAN or WAN. And
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to achieve its low-latency potential, professional-
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grade (high performance) Ethernet switches are necessary. (More on switches
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in a bit.)
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Each device connected to the network
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has its own clock. One clock that is used
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for reference is designated the grandmaster.
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IEEE 1588 provides a means for
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the network to automatically designate a
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clock as <a href=http://www.buycelinebags.com>Celine UK Online</a> a grandmaster based on its stability,
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accuracy and quality, among other criteria. For example, a clock referenced to
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GPS would be a likely candidate for grandmaster
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status.
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While the grandmaster reference can,
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in theory, be anywhere on a network, Shay
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said it s best if it s located near other devices
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on the network (such as those within
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a facility) to avoid long IP connections.
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The grandmaster transmits over the
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network a small packet of data, the PTP
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message, with a time stamp of the current
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time. This multicasted message is received
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by all the other devices on the network, the slaves, which synchronize to the
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reference. Or thinking in video systems
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terms, the devices are effectively gen-locked
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to the reference.
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Unlike in a video system, the IEEE 1588
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timing reference doesn t travel on separate
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cables. Rather it is transmitted on the same
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network as the digital audio packets. However
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the timing and audio packets are completely separate. When the PTP message
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(clock data) is received by a device on the
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network, it runs an algorithm to adjust its
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local clock to synchronize with the grandmaster
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clock.
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When the grandmaster sends its PTP
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messages, it takes a finite amount of time
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to reach all the slave devices on the IP network.
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To provide greater timing accuracy,
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IEEE 1588 provides a means to measure the
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roundtrip time from grandmaster to slave
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and back to grandmaster, and to compensate
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for this offset.
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BACK TO THE SWITCHES<br>
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In addition to this roundtrip delay,
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there are also delays through the Ethernet
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switches themselves as they buffer and
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transmit data packets. If a switch could provide
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a measurement of how long it takes a
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packet to get through it, that information
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could also be used to fine-tune timing. The
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2008 revision of IEEE 1588 provides for
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what is called a transparent clock that
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does just that.
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A switch with a transparent clock, tries
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to correct the time stamp for the time packet,
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Shay, who is also chief science officer
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for Telos Alliance, said. This occurs in the
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switch itself and reduces the error at each
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stage of the process.  
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A problem for an AES67 system design
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is that switches with transparent clocks
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aren t that common, at least not right now.
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There are some IEEE 1588-aware switches.
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Shay said. These switches are not yet
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ubiquitous, but they are becoming more
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available. <The>system] works better with
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the special switch, but you don t have to
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use them. There s less <a href=http://www.buycelinebags.com>Celine Online Outlet</a> error with an IEEE
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1588 switch, but you can achieve a certain
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level of accuracy without <it>.  
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In addition to the types of clocks already
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mentioned, IEEE 1588 describes yet another type, a boundary clock, which slaves to
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a grandmaster and, acting like a sub-master,
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retransmits timing data to slave devices
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down the line.
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Audio over IP is multichannel in the
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sense that a source connected in some way
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to the network can be made available to every
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other destination device. No more need
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for audio distribution amplifiers to send
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shared feeds to different studios.
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Shay said that a 1 gigabit Ethernet connection
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can carry 250 stereo audio channels.
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Of course redundant cables would be
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good systems design.
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This is the point where MADI is way
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obsolete, he said. AoIP has many times
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more capacity than MADI with a smaller
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cable connection.
+

Revision as of 10:42, 14 August 2014

@@@ ELTOPIA Alan Schreiber s truck bounces along a rutted road past row upon row of crops.Blueberries, asparagus, apples, cantaloupe, Brussels sprouts, Concord grapes, Merlot grapes, peaches, pears, cherries, onions, pumpkins, potatoes, tomatoes, sugar beets, alfalfa. Over 300 varieties of produce, much of it part of experiments on disease, pests and growing techniques. Every row here is something different, the Franklin County farmer said. There s Fava beans, Chinese cabbage, early green cabbage, green cabbage, red cabbage, savoy cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, another kind of kale, bok choy, some Napa cabbage, peppers, melons, tomatoes, tomatillos, eggplant. It goes on and on and on. But the crop that Schreiber figures will be more lucrative than any of them was completely unfamiliar to him a foreign world. Until a grower came to him wanting to know how to control mites on marijuana plants. That s when Schreiber realized he d better learn about the cannabis plant.He turned out to have a source of knowledge on his own staff.The 52-year-old Schreiber met 25-year-old Tom Balotte about a year ago and hired him as a mechanic. Balotte had worked on a Virginia Tech research farm before moving with his girlfriend to Washington state.He put his mechanical mind to work fixing and <a href=http://www.louisvuitton-pascher.com>Louis Vuitton Evora</a> designing equipment, like a shield he built to expand the space that could be used for research by keeping pesticide being sprayed on some plants away from others.The Romania-born, Texas-raised son of a botanist and a mechanical engineer, Balotte s tattoos tell part of his story. The design on his arm relates to shooting airsoft guns, the one on his fist to a favorite metal band, and the ink on his back and his other arm to the worlds of video games The Elder Scrolls and World of Warcraft. A three-monitor display at home immerses him in his games.Schreiber is a straitlaced Eastern Washington farmer. He grew up on a farm and earned doctoral degrees in entomology and pesticide toxicology, then worked for the Environmental Protection Agency and as a Washington State University professor before going into commercial research. He voted against Initiative 502 that legalized recreational marijuana.If they re something of an odd couple, it turned out they were well suited for collaboration on the new project Schreiber had in mind. I ve got the pest management experience, Schreiber said, and he s got the kind of applied, real-world, make-things-grow skills. The full realization came months after Balotte was hired, during a conversation over beers at a 30th-floor Portland restaurant at the end of a long day at an agricultural conference. It turned out Balotte s past tinkering included growing marijuana in a closet.They started to realize Balotte s experience could be a perfect match for Schreiber s hopes of doing cutting-edge research <a href=http://www.louisvuitton-pascher.com>Louis Vuitton Galliera</a> and development on the plant and its pests. He was made for a project like this, Schreiber said.Balotte isn t a pot smoker, although he travels in the right circles. I wish I could, but I was just too sensitive to it, Balotte said. My friends, it looks like they re having the most fun in the world, and I m sitting there with my beer in my hand just sitting there with envy, because it looks awesome. Now Schreiber has applied for <a href=http://www.louisvuitton-pascher.com>Louis Vuitton Lockit</a> a license. His is one of more than 2,400 applications still waiting after the state Liquor Control Board has approved fewer than 140 growers.Meantime, Balotte has designed a prototype of a hydroponic growing contraption. If you want to try some advanced growing techniques you have to involve some engineering, some design, and that s really what I like, Balotte said.The prototype involves PVC tubes dotted with holes like giant flutes, each hole a spot for a plant to stick out of while its roots are bathed in nutrients. The thing is gathering dust in a greenhouse while they wait for a license.If approved, they expect they can pioneer new ways of not only growing the plant, but keeping it from being destroyed by pests and contaminants.Schreiber expects a huge demand for information among the licensed growers. The first time that somebody has $100,000 worth of this that they lose because they get an aphid infestation, a mite infestation, powder mildew or Botrytis (a fungus), he said, ... people will want to know how to control these pests.   

Jordan Schrader: 360-786-1826
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