GarrisonPurnell278
The Past Participle
In this Spanish lesson we will understand the Previous Participle and its diverse uses. Even though this lesson is truly briefer than past lessons, the Previous Participle is really crucial if you want to learn how to speak Spanish. Its formation is really basic. As in English, the Previous Participle in Spanish is a central element in most subjects of discussion.
In basic, the Past Participle is ideal understood as having four distinct makes use of that consist of past and present actions, and adjectives. Despite the fact that this variety in usage seems broad, understanding each and every particular use can be discovered and applied rather simply with practice.
The Previous Participle is rather basic to form. For -ar verbs, an -ado is added to the verb's stem.
For example:
The stem of the verb hablar (to speak) is habl. With this in mind, an -ado is added to habl to form the Previous Participle for hablar: hablado.
The formation of the Past Participle for -er and -ir verbs parallel this pattern. Nevertheless, an -ido is added to the er or ir verb's stem.
For example:
In the case of the verb beber (to drink), its stem is beb. An -ido is then added to beb to kind its Previous Participle: bebido.
Similarly, to type the Past Participle for salir (to go out) an -ido is added to its stem, sal. Its Previous Participle is: salido.
With the Past Participle's basic format in thoughts, what follows are examples of it for both typical and irregular verbs:
Examples of the Regular Past Participle:
Infinitive Previous Participle
estar (to be) estado
bailar (to dance) bailado
cenar (to eat supper) cenado
almorzar (to eat lunch) almorzado
desayunar (to eat breakfast) desayunado
limpiar (to clean) limpiado
dar (to give) dado
llorar (to cry) llorado
lloviznar (to drizzle) lloviznado
tener (to have) tenido
creer (to think) creido
leer (to study) leido
querer (to want, to adore) querido
partir (to leave) partido
ir (to go) ido
vivir (to live) vivido
dormir (to sleep) dormido
Examples of the Irregular Previous Participle:
Infinitive Past Participle
poner (to place) puesto
ver (to see) visto
volver (to return) vuelto
resolver (to resolve) resuelto
escribir (to create) escrito
abrir (to open) abierto
hacer (to make) hecho
satisfacer (to satisfy) satisfecho
morir (to die) muerto
decir (to say) dicho
cubrir (to cover) cubierto
The four primary utilizes of the Previous Participle are as follows:
1. The Previous Participle is typically utilized in compound tenses with the auxiliary verb haber (to have). We have seen this use in the Lesson on the Present Ideal Tense. In the Present Excellent Tense the past participle of the sentence's major verb is added to haber to express a previous action that has not fully elapsed.
Let's briefly review this use:
Juana ha estado en su cuarto todo el da.
(Juana has been in her space all day)
He querido ir a California.
(I have wanted to go to California.)
Mario ha vivido en Bogot.
(Mario has lived in Bogot.)
2. The Previous Participle is utilised for the passive voice and usually follows the verbs ser or estar (to be). When the Previous Participle reflects the passive voice, it need to agree with the subject's gender and quantity.
For instance:
El pap de Diego est herido.
(Diego's father is hurt.)
La hermana de Rogelio est cansada.
(Rogelio's sister is tired.)
three. At instances, the verbs llevar and tener are employed as an alternative of the verb haber in compound tenses (as in the Present Excellent Tense). When this occurs, the Past Participle should agree with the attribute's gender and number. Though this use might appear awkward, feel of it as forming an alternative expression for indefinite past actions.
For example:
Tengo hecha la comida.
(I have produced the meals.)
Juan lleva pagada la cuenta.
(Juan has paid the verify.)
4. The Past Participle can also be utilized as an adjective. Maintain in thoughts that for this use, the Previous Participle acts as an adjective and have to agree in gender and quantity with the noun.
For example:
Un vestido hecho a mano
(A dress produced by hand)
Un hombre educado
(An educated man)
Un beb mimado
(A spoiled child)
Now lets try a few workouts. Translate the following into Spanish. The answers adhere to the exercise.
1. An opened door
two. A cleaned room
three. We have spoken.
four. Juan has cooked.
five. A cooked chicken
6. Roberta's brother is tired.
7. Juana's mother is educated.
eight. Marcos has created the dessert.
9. She has opened the door.
10. Have you seen Milagros?
1. Una puerta abierta
two. Un cuarto limpiado
three. Hemos hablado.
four. Juan ha cocinado.
5. Un pollo cocinado
six. El hermano de Roberta est cansado.
7. La madre de Juana es educada.
eight. Marcos tiene hecho el postre.
9. Ella ha abierto la puerta.
ten. Has visto a Milagros? ruff chat
